Pressure Essay - 1600 Words

Pressure As a child, Ive suffered through many tough decisions. Ive been pressured by my peers to do the wrong thing. Ive also been pressured by my peers to do positive things. Drs. George Jenkins, Sam Davis and Rameck Hunt, who are the authors of The Pact (with Lisa Frazier Page), have also been pressured by their peers to do both positive and negative things. Growing up through middle school and high school is tough because kids are always trying to get other kids to do the wrong thing. Most of the kids actually do some of the stupid things so they can fit in. I remember when I was in middle school I did almost anything to get my friends approval. Even if it meant I had to do something that was going to get me into trouble. I†¦show more content†¦We were excused to leave the cafeteria and left with unanswered questions. Are we going to get a detention? Is that psycho going to kill me? I went up to his room before activity period. My friends followed me up the stairs acting as if they could feel no pain from anything this teacher could throw at us. As soon as we walked in there, he gave us the silent treatment. He delivered the scariest lecture that I had ever received in my life. His lecture was about him being upset with us since we didnt respect the ten minute period that we had to be quiet for. Then, out of the middle of no where, he asked us a question. Brian answered it and the teacher got right in his face yelling, Was I talking to you tough guy. Brian tried to keep his cool, but he broke down and started to cry. He continued to punish us with his words of despair. When he finished his lecture, he sent us back down stairs to our home-room. We did not get into any serious trouble, which was good, because I didnt need a detention for talking. After watching and experiencing that situation, I never wanted to be a badass again. Being a badass was not worth getting into so much trouble for such stupid things. I know that situation is not much, but hey what do you expect from an introvert. In my high school years, I began to meet new people who were a positiveShow MoreRelatedThe Pressure to Be Perfect4326 Words   |  18 PagesThe Bell Jar and Black Swan: The Pressure to be Perfect In a society where competition among others and influences from the media are becoming increasingly prevalent by the decade, it is easy for one to feel the extreme pressure to be perfect. Many individuals face the internal conflict of feeling that they are not adequate enough for various personal or societal standards, often leading to unhealthy insecurities, mental and emotional instabilities, and identity crises. Firstly, society’s remindersRead MoreBlood Pressure, The Pressure Of Blood913 Words   |  4 PagesBlood pressure, the pressure of blood in the circulatory system, is a vital aspect to the human body in order to maintain homeostasis. Many Americans are not aware of the seriousness of having high blood pressure. High blood pressure is called Hypertension, which can be a silent killer if untreated. There are many causes of Hypertension, including diet, age and race. Doctors now are making classifications of pre-hypertensive, which can help patients maintain the ir health and possibly avoid hypertensionRead MoreDangers Of Peer Pressure On Girls1345 Words   |  6 PagesDangers of Peer Pressure on Girls As a little girl I had much confidence about myself and felt I looked the best from my school as well as many other girls from my school. Nowadays, many girls are pressured into being perfect in a way they feel they will never accomplish. Little girls such as ten year olds have started to show low self-esteem and hate to their body image because of the models that are being constantly promoted. As 10TV stated, â€Å"When you were 10 or 11, you probably didn’t give muchRead MoreThe Science of Pressure in Laws581 Words   |  2 PagesPRESSURE: Pressure can be simply defined as force per unit area and some of the major physical hazards can be related to the effects of Pressure on the diver Pressure = FORCE/AREA N/ã€â€" Mã€â€"^2 The pressure on the diver under water is because of two forces acting simultaneously on him. A diver must always be in pressure balance of those forces at any depth which is defined as, The atmospheric weight over the surface of water which changes with altitude (atmospheric pressure) The weight of the waterRead MoreRelationship Between Volume And Pressure1932 Words   |  8 PagesQuestion: What is the relationship between volume and pressure? Prediction: As the volume of the system increases, the system’s pressure will decrease. This is the case because at the particle level pressure occurs when particles collide with the object they are in or outside of. When the volume of the system increases there will be less particle collisions in the same amount of space which should lead to less pressure. Materials: Beaker Water Pressure Sensor/Lid Graduated Cylinder Syringe Paper TowelRead MoreSystolic Diastolic Pressure On Blood Pressure1618 Words   |  7 Pages Blood pressure is a force applied by blood that push against the arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that send oxygenated blood to the heart and throughout the rest of the body. To calculate blood pressure, use a blood pressure machine which shows the two types of pressures, systolic and diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure happens when the heart is decreasing and diastolic pressure is the pressure the occurs when the heart expands. Systolic pressure is always over diastolic pressure and theRead MoreTemperature And Pressure Measurements Of An Ideal Gas823 Words   |  4 PagesTemperature and Pressure Measurements of an Ideal Gas That Is Heated in a Closed Container Introduction This report discusses an experiment to study the relationship of temperature and pressure of an ideal gas (air) that was heated in a closed container. Because the ideal gas was in a closed container, its volume remained constant. The objective of the experiment is to test whether the ideal equation of state holds. In the equation, pV = mRT, where p is the pressure the gas, V is the volumeRead MoreCollege Pressures Affect Our Lives1212 Words   |  5 PagesCollege Pressures College pressures dominate our lives. They begin to levitate around us and slowly derail our lives. William Zinsser elaborates about the college pressures that modern generations are facing. He reveals multiple commonalities that the typical college student encounters on a daily basis. Zinsser states, â€Å"They want a map-right now-that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, social security, and presumably, a prepaid grave† (12). He is spot on, the pressuresRead MorePeer Pressure1013 Words   |  5 PagesPeer pressure From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Peer pressure is influence that a peer group, observers or individual exerts that encourages others to change their attitudes, values, or behaviors to conform the group norms. Social groups affected include membership groups, in which individuals are formally members (such as political parties and trade unions), or social cliques in which membership is not clearly defined. A person affected by peer pressure may or may not want to belong to theseRead MoreBlood Pressure1729 Words   |  7 Pagesblood pressure testing during a clinical simulative skill session The clinical skill that I have decided to reflect on in this essay is the manual blood pressure test that I have performed on one of my colleague during a simulative clinical skills session. The aim of this essay is to reflect on this experience, so as to learn from it, identify areas of concern and increase competence in this skill accordingly. To start the essay it is the custom to at least give a definition of blood pressure test

The Role of the Relationship Between Therapist and Client...

THE ROLE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THERAPIST AND CLIENT IN COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY IN THE CONTEXT OF THERAPEUTIC TASKS CANDIDATE NUMBER: 12823707 22-11-2011 Essay submitted for the award of Foundation Degree in Psychodynamic Counselling and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, Birkbeck College, University of London CONTENT PAGE Introduction Page 3 Appendix 1 Page 13 Appendix 2 Page 15 Appendix 3 Page 16 Appendix 4 Page 17 Appendix 5 Page 18 Introduction Within this case review I will explore the relationship between client and therapist by identifying the role it plays within the following; establishing the boundaries of my work; assessment/diagnosis; the development and process of the relationship, including my own self†¦show more content†¦However Robert was able to show insight into his depression by processing that this can also be triggered sporadically and sometimes without cause. Feared consequences and risk of suicide and/or intention Robert fears that his current partner will end their relationship and abandon him, taking his other two children with her. Robert stated that he has attempted to take his own life and sporadically has thought of death, dying or suicide, however states that he has not attempted suicide in the last 6 years. It was acknowledged that Robert has deliberately cut /caused himself physical harm Impact on quality of life Robert acknowledged that when he is depressed and anxious it has a detrimental effect on his family, e.g. his family worry as they recognise that Robert will drink heavily and become violent when depressed. Coping strategies and support network Robert identified his coping strategies to be; Self talk; Ground techniques / Distraction Techniques (reading, talking to his sponsor, listening to music). Robert recognises that he has a supportive network which consists of his sponsor, non using friends, and his mother who is a mental health worker. It was acknowledged however that Robert struggles to utilise these support networks when he is in a low mood. Birth and upbringing and family Robert is the youngest of three siblings. He processed that he has a close relationship with his mother, howeverShow MoreRelatedmodels and approaches relate to client need, therapeutic context and aims and objectives of the therapy.1106 Words   |  5 Pagescounselling and psychotherapy therapeutic delivery, explain how models and approaches relate to client need, therapeutic context and aims and objectives of the therapy. Psychotherapists will be educated in various different models and whether they are approaching a client through the concept of observing external behaviours, the Behaviourist approach for example in which a therapist will look to condition new behaviours, or through the idea of internal behaviour, such as the Psychodynamic approachRead MoreThe Analysis of Behavior Centered and Person Centered Therapy and the Benefits of the Integration and Synthesis of Both in Counseling2503 Words   |  11 Pageslong-term goal of any counselling session is to aid the client in their overcoming and defeat of obstacles they may face through the facilitation of psychological tools and theories. The evolution of psychology over the last 100 years has seen numerous theories put forth for application to therapy in the clinical setting. Two widely used and well-founded methods include Behaviour Therapy and Person Centered Therapy. The dynamics of Behaviour Therapy were first discovered by the famous resea rcher and psychologistRead More Comparing Adlerian Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Solution Focused Brief Therapy3619 Words   |  15 Pagesas a school counselor. Modern day counseling is equipped with a wide variety of therapies, techniques and approaches. The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast three approaches of therapy. Also in this essay the views of the person and the Therapeutic process will be discussed. The three models that are going to be compared are Adlerian, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Solution Focused Brief therapy (SFBT). This essay is going to highlight the similarities and differences of theRead MoreModels of Counselling Within My Context2989 Words   |  12 Pageshelping professions. The question, do you need some help? Should be part of our daily business as informal and formal educators and guidance counsellors. Yet what we mean by ‘helping’ is not that obvious and the qualities we look for in ‘helping relationships’ need some thinking about. Here we try to clear away some of the confusion. What do we mean by helping? For many people within the social professions, such as social work, counsellors, community workers and psychologist. The notion of helpingRead MoreCarl Rogers : Fully Functioning Person1772 Words   |  8 PagesCarl Rogers described ‘The Fully Functioning Person’ and the therapeutic process of the client moving towards what he termed the ‘Good Life’ in 1961. Describe and critically assess these Rogerian concepts and model of therapy. Carl Rogers (1961, p.183) claimed â€Å"the concept of the fully functioning Person, It was an attempt to spell out the picture of the person who would emerge if therapy were maximally successful† This fully function person as Carl Rogers (1961) described is a person whoRead MoreRelationship Between Client And Nurse1767 Words   |  8 PagesLipchick (2002), describes the therapist-client relationship as a structure coupling between to unique human beings in complementary roles. In a healthcare context, Sabo (2006) states that empathy and compassion are critical aspects involved in understanding the clients’ needs to create a therapeutic relationship between client and nurse. The integration of the concepts of compassion and empathy could become a negative facilitator of ‘the cost of caring for others’ later described as Compassion FatigueRead MoreRational Emotive Behaviour Therapy - Essay9996 Words   |  40 PagesA Brief Introduction To Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy By Wayne Froggatt Third Ed.(this version Feb 2005) Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) is based on the concept that emotions and behaviours result from cognitive processes; and that it is possible for human beings to modify such processes to achieve different ways of feeling and behaving. REBT is one of a number of therapies that come under the heading ‘cognitive-behavioural’. In the mid-1950’s Dr. Albert Ellis, a clinical psychologistRead MoreThe Therapeutic Alliance Is The Foundation For Successful Or Unsuccessful Treatment Engagement1491 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The therapeutic alliance is the foundation for successful or unsuccessful treatment engagement (Sprenkle et al., 2009). The extent to which clients are able to engage with the therapist, will likely determine the expanse of participation and commitment they will attribute to therapy (Sprenkle et al., 2009), or social work intervention in its entirety. To elaborate, consider patients diagnosed with CKD. CKD is a primarily asymptomatic, but progressive and physiologically degenerativeRead MorePlay Therapy For Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder1946 Words   |  8 Pages Play Therapy Critique SWG 617 Stephanie Loyer Arizona State University Play therapy is a type of psychotherapy that uses play to aid in the therapeutic process. It is most commonly used with children between the ages of four to eleven since they are too young to communicate well through language and this is the period when children most likely use imaginary play although it can be adapted to suit any age. Play therapy allows children to problem solve, learn and express theirRead MoreA 3000 word reflective account of Solution Focused Brief Therapy within a practice placement setting3245 Words   |  13 PagesA 3000 word reflective account of Solution Focused Brief Therapy within a practice placement setting This assignment is a personal reflective account on the use of solution focused brief therapy (SFBT) carried out during a practice placement within a Crisis and Home Treatment Team (CRHT). This assignment aims to discuss the importance of the 10 Essential Shared Capabilities, introduce clear definitions of SFBT, evaluate current research of SFBT, and provide an evaluation of the key principles

Treasury and Risk Management Financial Crises

Question: Discuss about theTreasury and Risk Management for Financial Crises. Answer: Introduction: The overall assignment mainly focuses on the role played by derivatives in the 2007 financial crises. In addition, the study evaluates how financial crisis negatively affected the financial market of world economy. Further explanation is been provided whether the crisis would occur again in future. Relative derivatives that is been used by the investors and financial institutions for conducting trade post, during and pre 2007 world crisis. Majority of the financial analyst mainly describes the meltdown of 2007 financial crisis, as the devil casino where investors dealt in debt derivate structure. The CDOs were mainly used as the major derivate option, which resulted in augmentation of financial crisis. Explain the Role of Derivatives in the 2007 Financial Crises: Before the augmentation of the financial crisis, the overall derivative market allowed banks to transfer their mortgage-backed security to investors. The derivatives market mainly allowed the banks to raise capital by selling the mortgage-backed securities (Adebambo, Brockman and Yan 2015). The process used by the banks in distributing the loans to relative hedge funds is depicted as follows. Firstly the banks lend money to the individuals for buying homes Secondly the bank sold the mortgage to Fannie Mae, which allowed banks with additional cash to make new loans Furthermore, the asset-backed mortgage bought by Fannie Mae is resold in the secondary market under name of Mortgage-backed-security (MBS). The overall value of the security is mainly derived from the mortgage bundle. Lastly, the MBS is mainly bought by hedge fund, which then divides the security and only retains low risk investment. The left out securities are then included in new derivatives instrument and sold to other hedge funds. This reselling process is mainly of just a portion of the fund is mainly known as tranche. The overall trading of mortgages was conducted with the help of derivatives, which valued the security based on their underlying asset. However, each financial institutions and hedge fund companies accumulated a large number of mortgage-backed derivatives. Moreover, Warren Buffet mainly labelled the derivatives as financial weapons of mass destruction, which empowered hedge fund managers to accumulate higher debt. Chodorow-Reich (2014) mentioned that credit default swap was mainly conducted to reduce the negative impact on loss occurred from debt. On the other hand, Floyd, Li and Skinner (2015) criticises that increased accumulation of CDOs mainly increased debt accumulation of companies, which raises risk from investment. The derivative options like Asset-backed Commercial Paper, Call Option, Credit Default Swaps, Collateralized Debt Obligations, Commodities Futures, Futures Contract, Interest Rate Swap, Mortgage-backed Securities, Oil Price Futures, Put Option, Stock Options was used by financial institutions. These derivative assets mainly allowed the investors to increase the overall investment exposure. Reinhart (2013) mentioned that use of adequate derivatives instrument mainly allowed investors to take trade higher than the actual asset value. Furthermore, derivatives instruments like Collateral Debt Obligation (CDO) and Credit Default Swap (CDS) were the main reason behind the augmentation of 2007 financial crisis. Figure 1: Depicting the formation of Asset backed Securities (Source: Thebalance.com 2017) The above figure mainly helps in depicting the relevant formation of assets backed securities, which led to the origination of Collateral Debt Obligations (CDO). These CDOs mainly allowed the hedge fund managers to divide the MBS into different segments with risk ratings. The Asset backed Securities are mainly divided into tranches, which depicted the overall risk from investment. Furthermore, for securing the overall CDOs, Credit Default Swaps (CDS) were mainly developed, which reduced the risk from non-payments from investment. Furthermore, the complex derivative market mainly allowed the investors to expand the overall mortgage market, which its performance remained same. Reddy et al. (2014) stated that derivatives does not create or destroy the assets, it just helps in balancing the trades between two investors. The overall derivatives market was unregulated and mainly traded in OTC without the presence of a clearinghouse. This absence of clearing house mainly fails to accommodate the high risk from CDOs, which might hamper return from investment. The unregulated CDOs mainly amounted to $604.6 trillion in OTC derivatives contracts, which was ten times the world GDP. The overall CDS were purchased by investors for subprime derivatives, which helped in reducing the risk from mortgage investment. Furthermore, the extensive use of derivatives market was mainly increasing the risk for investors, as value of the underlying assets was considered. Bourkhis and Nabi (2013) mentioned that banks before the financial crisis provided home loans to everyone without adequate security for payments. Moreover, the derivative market mainly allowed banks to restructure the overall CDOs into new CDOs, which could be traded again in the secondary market. The companies are mainly able to distribute the subprime and high risky mortgage securities in new CDOs, which help in reducing the liabilities in their accounting books. Furthermore, these CDOs were again traded in the secondary market with high rating provided from credit rating agencies. As depicted in the book Fools Gold, companies were mainly able to reduce their subprime securities by creating new CDOs with wrong credit rating. This manipulation conducted by the banks was the major problems, which led to the augmentation of the financial crisis. In this context, Garcia-Appendini and Montoriol-Garriga (2013) argued that Lehman Brothers accumulated high end CDOs, which evaluated the demise during the economic crisis. Furthermore, the demises started with the defaulting of loans, which comprised 98% of the CDOs traded in the secon dary market. The high credit value provided from derivative market mainly increased ability of the investors to raise its investment capacity. Explaining Whether the Crises Could Occur Again: The current market system has been degrading due to decline in capital market during 2013 and 2015. Furthermore, the impact of 2008 financial crises is still seen in the financial market, as companies are trading new derivatives. The CDOs were changed to different derivatives, which are being used on daily basis. In addition, the bailout package used during the financial crises only pumped new money and did not reduce the negative impact of method used by financial institutions. The credit rating agencies, which rated the default CDOs are still rating the new derivative instruments, which could have high risk. Furthermore, the Chinese Banking system could be the major player in augmenting the future financial crisis, as the government controls it. This controlled market rallies conducted by the Chinese government could mainly result in inflating asset value, which was the main reason being the fall of asset market in 2008 (Nasdaq.com 2014). Furthermore, FED interest rate is still 0%, which also added to augmentation of 2007 financial crisis. Armantier et al. (2015) mentioned that he rise in FED interest rates mainly declined the ability of borrowers to pay the interest on their loans. The future rise in interest rate of FED could mainly reduce cash availability of the investors, which could initiate sell calls. In addition, the FED previously raised rate in 2006, which started the loan defaults. This accumulated default loans mainly started to liquidation of financial market. Conclusion: The above discussion mainly depicts the impact of derivative in augmenting the financial crises of 2008. In addition, the different derivatives like Credit Default Swaps (CDS) and Collateral Debt Obligations (CDO) is mainly discussed, which mainly instigated the financial crises of 2008. Furthermore, the increment in residential prices, Chinese banking system and increment in FED interest rate could lead to new future recession. These identified factors mainly increase the chances of new financial crises, which could hamper global financial market. Reference: Adebambo, B., Brockman, P. and Yan, X.S., 2015. Anticipating the 20072008 Financial Crisis: Who Knew What and When Did They Know It?.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,50(04), pp.647-669. Armantier, O., Ghysels, E., Sarkar, A. and Shrader, J., 2015. Discount window stigma during the 20072008 financial crisis.Journal of Financial Economics,118(2), pp.317-335. Bourkhis, K. and Nabi, M.S., 2013. Islamic and conventional banks' soundness during the 20072008 financial crisis.Review of Financial Economics,22(2), pp.68-77. Chodorow-Reich, G., 2014. The employment effects of credit market disruptions: Firm-level evidence from the 20089 financial crisis.The Quarterly Journal of Economics,129(1), pp.1-59. Floyd, E., Li, N. and Skinner, D.J., 2015. Payout policy through the financial crisis: The growth of repurchases and the resilience of dividends.Journal of Financial Economics,118(2), pp.299-316. Garcia-Appendini, E. and Montoriol-Garriga, J., 2013. Firms as liquidity providers: Evidence from the 20072008 financial crisis.Journal of Financial Economics,109(1), pp.272-291. Nasdaq.com. (2014). [online] NASDAQ.com. Available at: https://www.nasdaq.com/article/8-reasons-why-a-new-global-financial-crisis-could-be-on-the-way-cm383267 [Accessed 23 Feb. 2017]. Reddy, K.S., Nangia, V.K. and Agrawal, R., 2014. The 20072008 global financial crisis, and cross-border mergers and acquisitions: A 26-nation exploratory study.Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies,6(3), pp.257-281. Reinhart, C., 2013. Goodbye inflation targeting, hello fear of floating? Latin America after the global financial crisis. Thebalance.com. (2017). [online] The Balance. Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/role-of-derivatives-in-creating-mortgage-crisis-3970477 [Accessed 23 Feb. 2017].

Programming with Data Structure and Algorithms

Question: Discuss the following points.. Software development lifecycle. Object Oriented Programming. Technical and End User Documentation. Software Testing Troubleshooting. Web Site Design Development Project Teamwork communication. Answer: Personal statement Highly self motivated personnel with skills in Java programming language will help secure a good position in the IT industry. Ability to work in team effectively. It will help to provide great service in the field of programming and software development. Excellent level of communication which will help to understand the objectives of jobs and to deliver a high quality of team work. Punctuality, willingness to learn new topics and the ability of fast learning will help to learn the objectives, goals and requirements of new organization. The technical abilities and the experiences in the area of object oriented programming along with the SDLC and documentation will help to perform better in the work place. The technical and professional skills in the area of Java are programming and software developing along with the previous experience will help to develop a good career in the IT industry. Summary of curriculum vitae The technical abilities and professional skills in the field of Software development and Java programming will help to develop a good career in the IT industry. Completed graduation in software engineering from ComputingCollege of North West London and Middlesex University. Work experience gathered from EBJJF, Cartuning ltd. and Royal Window tinting. Key skills learnt from work experience include system development using JAVA and SQL, management of the website of the organization, optimization of search engine and management of Google Adwords. Key Skills Software development lifecycle Object Oriented Programming. Technical and End User Documentation Software Testing Troubleshooting Web Site Design Development Project Teamwork Communication Java programming knowledge and SQL Employment history Company name Duration Achievements and responsibilities EBJJF January 2015 till date System developer using Java language and SQL Managing company website Outgoing project handling Cartuning Ltd May 2015 - January 2016 creating and managing company's website Search engine optimisation Managing google Adwords (account pay per click) Royal Window tinting UK December 2015- till date Creating and managing companys website Search engine optimization Managing Google Adwords Education: Middlesex University (2015-2016) Modules: Graphics and visualization Open source software Artificial intelligence Computer science project Expected Grade 2:1 Middlesex University (North West London College) (2014-2015) Modules: Client Server Web Development. Analysis and designing in object oriented programming. Software development program on object oriented study software development plan Middlesex University (North West LondonModules Included) (2013- 2014) Modules: Work Based Learning. Academic Skills for Computing. Database Management Systems. Intro to Computer Systems. Programming with Data Structures and Algorithms. ComputingCollege of North West London (2012-2013) Module: Communication And Employability Skills For IT Computer System Information Systems Managing Networks IT Systems Troubleshooting And Repair Event Driven Programming Project Planning With IT Database Design Mathematics For IT Practitioner References: Ackerley, N., 2015. How to Write Your CV. Veterinary Nursing Journal, 30(9), pp.252-252. Association, E., 2011. How to Get a Great Job. New York: Skyhorse Publishing, Inc. Lebrave, J., 2002. How Will they Write?. Diogenes, 49(196), pp.126-132. Petroski, H., 2011. An engineer's alphabet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Pharmaceutical innovation Can we live forever A commentary on Schnittker and Karandins

Pre-Reading Paragraph With Medicare introduced in the US in the early 1960’s, the insurance industry recorded its ever-largest change in the entire history. This was because of the advent by economists that the introduction of Medicare would result into inventions within the pharmaceutical industry. This would as a result add onto the mortality rates reduction of the citizens.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Pharmaceutical innovation: Can we live forever? A commentary on Schnittker and Karandins specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The new inventions are regarded as saviors in terms of reduction in the cost of medication; prolonged life hence a longer life expectancy accompanied with lowered mortality rates. It is therefore prudent to do an investigation on whether Medicare introduction made way for the inventions in the pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, a thorough assessment and judgment is conducted t o establish a proof of the well-intended intentions of the pharmaceutical innovation products concerning extending lifespan. Invention of new technology through all the fields had proved to prolong life since it presents a new outlook to peoples’ view towards life hence a bust in the living standards. This is explained in the article alongside the value and impact it has on the socio-economic sphere. As a result, â€Å"Can we live forever?† is a question that is tackled all around in details and with all the relevant proofs and disapprovals presented. Author and the article The author of the article is a professor at York University in Toronto. The article is the latest dated 2010 and originally sourced from the Social Science Medicine 2010. (70). The author has received several awards ranging from; Dean’s award for established researchers in 2008 from York University, Research excellence award from the University of Toronto in 2004 to SWAB award in 2004 again. The article is a highly informative one; it is about the most modern inventions in the therapeutic field and their relevance to the new molecular entities and GDP combined. This is in conjunction to their impacts on life expectancy and mortality rates. The content is derived from the rich experience that the author has gained from consultancy about pharmaceutical issues for several governments and institutions such as the world health organization (WHO). The author also has vast research interests on approval systems and the population apart from his field of the pharmaceuticals. Striking or memorable factual evidence The first factual evidence is about all the new molecular enterprises (NME’s), the main issues behind them is their prospects advancing as time and new inventions occur.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The striking and astonishing bit is that they become even more weaker as new inventions are realized e.g. the recently invented angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor has shown more efficiency as compared to the latest series of the same enzyme. This conclusion is made after finding out about the benefits presented by the former in the last 40 years. Secondly, the most recent inventions do not add onto the life expectancy; they are mere inventions in sectors that are not relevant to either mortality rates or life expectancy. This is from the previously mentioned irrelevant inventions such as those directed towards treatments of toenails and those to minimize baldness, which do not at any cost relate to facilitating favorable mortality rates and life expectancy. An example of an older invention that still facilitates mortality is the aspirin; it decreases mortality from cardio and cerebrovascular disease. Challenge from the article As shown in the data by Schnittker and Karandinos indicating mortality to be greater in the age bra cket 15-19 years. The major challenge comes in explaining the causes of mortality in this age bracket, a further challenge comes in explaining the causes identified. From this article; either causes are identified and categorized as identifiable causes or unidentifiable, some of these causes can be avoided while a majority cannot be prevented hence very costly. Prevention and control of these diseases to facilitate mortality and life expectancy is another challenge that remains a mystery. This is due to the fact of the difficulties posed in terms of resource constraints. Therefore, this has rendered research in the field useless since it provides less to death minimization. Contribution of the article to the field of knowledge The article was meant to answer the hypothesis of whether life can be prolonged as a result of inventions. The article has therefore added into the field of knowledge by trying to explain the relationship that exists between the inventions in the field of medi cine and life expectancy. It has also inputted positively by giving an explanation on how the GDP is related to mortality rates. The article explains that the more inventions we have on drugs, the more life we are likely to have. Drugs are as a result vital and the world population therefore needs advance in the field of medicine more. The article stresses the need of encouraging more inventions and innovations. This is despite the fact that life can never be there forever. The article has also presented the view by economists supporting the introduction of Medicare, its facilitation for pharmaceutical inventions hence an impetus for the development of the current drugs which further extend into life expectancy. This report on Pharmaceutical innovation: Can we live forever? A commentary on Schnittker and Karandins was written and submitted by user Aaden Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Standardization Chemistry Lab Report Essays

Standardization Chemistry Lab Report Essays Standardization Chemistry Lab Report Paper Standardization Chemistry Lab Report Paper To be able to prepare standard solutions. To determine the strength of a given solution of Hydrochloric acid (HCI) To analyze errors that occur during standardization experiments. Introduction: A standard solution can be defined as a solution that contains a precisely known concentration of a substance. Concentration refers to the abundance of a substance in its mixture or solution. Standard solutions are used to determine the concentration of other substances with which they react in known ratios/ proportions. Standardization, therefore, refers the process in which the value of a potential standard is fixed by a measurement made with respect to a standard whose value is known; or simply the act of accurately determining he concentration of a substance by titrating it with a solution of accurately known concentration (standard solution). Standardization, therefore, basically involves titration, especially acid-base titration. Common reagents used for standardization of acids include: Pure sodium carbonate Pure borax (sodium metabolite) Pure calcium carbonate (Iceland spar) Common reagents used for standardization of alkalis comprise of solid crystalline acids like: Succinct acid Oxalic acid Good standardizing reagents should have the following characteristics: They should have a high degree of purity They should be stable and unaffected by the atmosphere, i. E they should not be efflorescent or deliquescent, for easy weighing. They should have a relative molecular mass such that a solution of about 0. 01 M to 0. MM can be prepared easily. A standard solution of Noah cannot be made by direct weighing. This is because Noah is hygroscopic and will therefore absorb moisture from the air. Therefore, a standard solution of some stable acid (e. G Oxalic acid) has to be prepared to standardize the given Sodium Hydroxide solution. This can then be used to determine the unknown concentration of the Hydrochloric acid solution. In the experiment, two titration were therefore performed: Titration A: Standardization of Sodium Hydroxide solution using standard solution of Oxalic acid. Titration B: Determination of the concentration of Hydrochloric acid solution using the standardized Sodium Hydroxide solution. The terms used in titration are therefore used here too. Therefore, in titration A, the analyze was the Sodium Hydroxide solution; and the iterant was the Oxalic acid. In titration B, the analyze was the Hydrochloric acid solution; while the iterant was the Sodium hydroxide solution. Precaution: Oxalic acid is very poisonous. Apparatus: Electronic balance Volumetric flask Pipette Burette Conical flask Funnel Reagents: Oxalic acid (Ethnocentric acid) Sodium hydroxide solution Hydrochloric acid solution (of unknown strength) Phenolphthalein indicator Water Procedure: Titration A: Standardization of Noah Solution A standard solution of Oxalic was made by measuring 0. Egg of Oxalic acid and adding it to distilled water in a volumetric flask. The mixture is shaken till the crystals dissolve and the solution is made up to mall. Ml of this standard solution is pipettes into a conical flask and two to three drops of the indicator are deed to it. The contents of the flask are then titrated against the Noah solution from the burette till a permanent light pink color is obtained. The titration were repeated till concordant results were obtained and then recorded. Titration B: Determination of the Concentration of the given HCI solution ml of the given Hydrochloric acid was pipettes into a conical flask. Two to three drops of the indicator were then added. These errors include: Personal errors One example of this is whereby the solution taking part in the reaction, say the Oxalic acid, is not homogeneous. This happens when the student does not shake the crystals well after adding water when preparing the solution. This error is minimized by thorough shaking of the crystals with water when preparing the elution so as to ensure that it is homogeneous. Another personal error is Parallax error. This error occurs when the line of sight of the analyst/student when taking readings is not at right angles to the scale. It may have occurred in three instances in the experiment: 1. When filling the Oxalic acid in the volumetric flask to the mall mark. 2. When petting the Oxalic acid during titration A and the Hydrochloric acid during titration B. 3. When making the readings of the Sodium hydroxide solution from the burette before or after each titration. Parallax error is indeterminate/uncertain It is minimized by proper positioning of the eyes by the student when making the readings or measurements. Instrumental error This error is also indeterminate. It is caused by imperfect calibration of the measurement instruments, e. The burette, pipette and volumetric flask. This is because these instruments are manufactured by mass production methods, which pose high chance for certain inaccuracies. This error is minimized by use of instruments of higher precision. Averaging of the titers obtained also minimizes the error. Contamination/limpidity of reagents This error may have risen due to the use of unclea n apparatus, like the limerick flask, pipette, conical flasks and the burette. It arose in the experiment especially due to improper cleaning of the conical flask after a titration and before the next. It is minimized by thorough cleaning of the experimental apparatus before use. Contamination also arises from presence of impurities in the various reagents provided. Oxalic acid usually contains impurities of calcium and potassium oxalates which may have interfered with its reaction with sodium hydroxide. The oxalic acid also may have contained some amount of moisture before weighing leading to an error in mass. Such errors are minimized by storing the substance in a desiccators for a few hours before use so as to remove the moisture. Contamination errors may also have arisen from action of atmospheric carbon (IV) oxide, oxygen and dust particles on the standard solutions. This is minimized by use of colored glass bottles, tightly fitting stoppers and soda lime tubes to absorb carbon (V) oxide. Indicator error The pink color of the indicator used (phenolphthalein) which was obtained after each titration faded away when the solution was vigorously shaken till it became colorless. This gave the impression that the color change witnessed was not permanent, hence prompting us to continue with the titration. This led to obtaining of a larger volume than necessary. The fading away is due to the reaction of the phenolphthalein with atmospheric carbon dioxide. The indicator, being a weak acid, may have taken part in the reaction, hence affecting the readings. There also may be an inaccuracy in the end-point recorded. This is caused by adding of too much indicator to the solution being titrated. This is minimized by adding very little but sufficient indicator, and also having flask intonating water for comparison so that any alteration in color can be easily observed.

Illegal Immigrants Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Illegal Immigrants - Essay Example For over 175 years when immigration to the United States exponentially rose, the issue and controversy of multinational entry has never ceased popularity. Voluntary arrivals of different nationalities sparked generous concerns of political sovereignty over a nation mightier than the oldest empire on earth. When Theodore Roosevelt and Israel Zangwill jointly adhered to the "Melting Pot" drama back in the 1900's calling for the assimilation and abandoning of ethnic identities among new settlers, support for the influx of immigrants created allegiance to the United States. Mary Antin, a Jewish immigrant from Poland wrote "The Promise Land" as an illustration of her adoption of America as her home and America's adoption of her as an American. A few years later when the economic depression plagued the country a renewed sense of foreboding considered the new settlers as threats to jobs and other minorities who lived in the slums and failed to adapt the language and culture. While the European immigrants faced discrimination, they were able to come to the United States in huge numbers until the 1920's. The Asian immigrants who were excluded much earlier took the quotas of less desirable immigrants. Ethnic pluralism suggested a common denominator just before the incidence of both world wars and climbed higher after the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. The settlement of racial disputes and embracing the principles set forth in the Constitution of the United States later idealized kinship by blood or culture in a foreign land as part of the new and distinct civilization of the United States. The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 raised alarm bells among the American populace with profound question of susceptibility to such attacks that claimed the lives of thousands. Threats to national security and the lax border regulations renewed the question of what to do with the numerous legal immigrants and how to drive away the illegal immigrants back to where they came from. To date, the 20th century catered to the highest influx of immigrants which accounted for the massive population expansion. Census studies recorded the 1999 population to over 270 million, making it the world's third largest country in terms of population. Every year, the population grows to half a million with higher life expectancies and low infant mortality rates. In terms of population distribution in cities, New York became the record breaker followed by Los Angeles and Chicago. Population growth in Las Vegas topped among states spurred by unprecedented hotel-casino construction. The rising numbers showed lately reflected a still growing population which is 1/4th of what it used to be over a century ago with immigration at one-third playing the lead role. Latest records showed 28,234,231 illegal aliens in the US with Los Angeles as the main hub. Today, there are two powerful forces at work in the country acting on the issue of immigration. Separatists' movement advocating breaking loose cultural groups and driving them away at any cost and Reformists adhering to peaceful legislature of laws for national reform consists of these powers. Both movements set against the backdrop of democratic politics hold justifiable reasons with a common goal of easing the country from the confines of a booming population

Achievement of Maximum Profit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Achievement of Maximum Profit - Essay Example When companies utilize their equipment more extensively maintenance and repairs cost increase. Companies that increase their labor shifts incur in higher labor costs. Average total costs equal total costs divided by quantity. The average total cost curve is U-shaped. Subtracting average fixed costs is the formula for the average variable cost. The AVC curve lies vertically below the ATC curve by the amount of the AFC. The ATC and the AVC curve never touch because the AFC never falls to zero. The total variable cost is measured by the vertical distance between the horizontal TFC lines. The AVC curve bottoms out at a lower level for Q than does the ATC curve. The marginal costs measure the increase in total cost as output Q increases by one unit. Marginal cost is less than both average total cost and average variable cost. Due to the fact that marginal costs are less than both average total cost and average variable cost the ATC and AVC falls. The ATC and AVC falls because of the MC. The marginal cost curve cuts through the AVC curve at the bottom of the AVC curve. The MC curve cuts through the ATC curve at the bottom of the ATC curve. The ATC, AVC, and MC curves are all U-shaped. The vertical gap between AVC and ATC curves steadily diminishes as Q increases. These curves never touch. Businesses have options available with respect to how much output they want to be able to produce. Economies of scale help organizations reduce their costs. Larger scale operations have higher administrative expenses. Economies of scale help reduce administrative costs. When companies incur in diseconomies of scale their operating costs rise. The LRATC curve shows the lowest average total cost at which any given level of output can be produced. The LRATC curve is made up entirely of points on the firm’s alternative ATC curves.

Art extra credit Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Art extra credit - Research Paper Example The major interest in the design results from the presentation of the real story in art. The actual story tells of the last supper comprising of a huge feast. The twelve disciples and Jesus had a great time and at the same time, Jesus informed the disciples of the traitor and they reacted harshly about the issue. The disciples spoke and showed their anger. The art reflects all the actions that took place in the last supper. However, the art shows how at that time people were united, loving, caring and honest. At the same time, a major lesson is derived from the art. Enemies are within the list of your friends as Judas was among the twelve disciples, but he betrayed Jesus. This lesson applies in real life, and one is greatly advised to take caution of his or her friends. The art designer Leonardo da Vinci did a great work. The actual date of the art is not well known, but the creation of the art was between 1494 and 1498. The dimensions of the art measure 460cm by 880cm. The art located at Santa Maria Delle Grazie in Milan. The designer regards the art as a huge lesson that every individual should take into consideration. Everyone should study the art as well as the actual baseline of the art for life

In Depth Financial Analysis Of Morrisons And Asda Finance Essay

In Depth Financial Analysis Of Morrisons And Asda Finance Essay Financial analysis using ratios between key values help investors cope with the massive amount of numbers in company financial statements. For example, they can compute the percentage of net profit a company is generating on the funds it has deployed. All other things remaining the same, a company that earns a higher percentage of profit compared to other companies is a better investment option. It shows the relationship between profit investment e.g. return on investment, return on equity capital. Financial Ratios Can Measure Different Things. The Net Profit to Capital Employed ratio mentioned above measures the success of a company in using funds available to it. There are ratios to measure the companys: Financial health Operating performance Cash flows and liquidity Under each category, there are multiple ratios that measure different aspects, or fine tune the measurements. For example, different profitability ratios measure profit margins at different stages return on owners funds and effective tax burden. Ratio analysis Ratios express a mathematical relationship between two quantities taken from financial statements. The  study  and interpretation of the  relationships between various  financial  variables, by  investors  or lenders. A  tool to conduct a quantitative analysis of information  in a companys financial  statements. Ratios are  calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years, other companies, the industry, or even the economy to judge the performance of the company.   Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis. Methods of Ratio Analysis : There are two methods of Ratio Analysis : 1. Time Series analysis 2. Cross-sectional analysis Time- Series Ratio Analysis : Time-Series Ratio Anlysis evaluates performance over time. It allows to analyse trends over a number of years and to examine the way in which performance may have changed over time. For instance time series analysis can make by comparing any companys performance of for two or more years i.e. 2007 and 2008. Cross-sectional Ratio Analysis : Cross sectional Ratio Analysis allows for comparison with the industry average or with competitors at a single point in time. This comparison allows a judgement to be made about the firms position within the industry. For instance to make a comparison of any company performance against its rival (competitor) for the same year. e.g. Shall Companys ratios are compared with British Petroleum company.(both are in same industry and same business). Advantages of Ratios : The advantages of Ratios are as follow : Simplifies Financial Statements. Facilitates Inter-Firm Comparison. Helps in Planning. Helps in Investment Decisions. Limitations of Ratios : Ratios have some limitations as well which are mentioned below ! Limitations of Financial Statements Comparative Study Requires Ratio alone are not adequate Lack of adequate standards Limited uses of single ratios Personal Bias Types of Financial Ratios : There are different types of financial ratios used in carrying out financial analysis. These financial ratios are mentioned below :  · Liquidity Ratios  · Activity Ratios  · Solvency Ratios  · Profitability Ratios  · Market Ratios  · Cash Flow Ratios Defining Types of Financial Ratios : Liquidity Ratios : Liquidity ratios assess companys ability to pay off its  short-terms debts obligations.   Generally, the higher the value of the ratio, the  larger the margin of safety  that  the company possesses to cover short-term debts. A  companys  ability to turn short-term assets into cash to cover debts is of the utmost importance when creditors are seeking payment. Bankruptcy analysts and mortgage originators frequently use the  liquidity ratios to determine  whether a company will be able to continue as a going concern. Activity Ratios : Activity ratios are used to assess the effectiveness of management towards utilization for generation of sales/revenue. Let us know how current and fixed assets are efficiently used by company to generate sales. Also analyze the account receivable, payables and inventory roles towards of sales, purchase and cost of goods sold. Determine how quickly account receivables are recovered. Enable us to know duration in which company pays its payables. Inventory conversion period is also calculated under the head of activity ratio. Solvency Ratios :  · Solvency ratios are used to  measure a  companys  ability to meet long-term obligations. It provides a measurement of how likely a company will be to continue meeting its debt obligations. Acceptable solvency ratios will vary from  industry  to industry, but as a general rule of thumb, a solvency ratio of greater than 20% is considered financially healthy. Measures the percentage of total assets provided by creditors or how much debt is supported by assets. Shows ability of the company to cover its interest expenses Solvency ratios tell about the ratio between equity and total assets. Companys total assets are enough to meet its debt obligations These ratios also tell about ratio between debt and total assets. Also tell equity ratio in company And determine debt ratio in company. Profitability Ratios : Measure the ability of profit generations in company. Profitability Ratios are used to assess a businesss ability to generate  earnings as compared to  its expenses and other relevant costs incurred during a specific period of time. They are used to measure the overall effectiveness of management to produce the profitability of the company. For most of these ratios, having a higher value relative to a competitors ratio or the  same ratio from a previous period is indicative that the company is doing well. It is important to note that  a little bit of background knowledge is necessary in order to make  relevant comparisons when analyzing these ratios. For instances, some  industries experience seasonality in their operations. The retail industry, for example,  typically experiences higher  revenues and  earnings  for the Christmas season. Market Ratios :  · They are used to measure a companys standing and position in the market.  · These are considered to be the most important ratios for shareholders.  · They are important for potential investors. Cash Flow Ratios :  · Cash flow ratios are derived from cast flow statement.  · These are used to measure the three activities found in cash flow statement. ASDA ASDA launched an online retailer in 1998, but from the start had over estimated demand. It started off from a dedicated depot facility based in Croydon but was closed with a number of redundancies shortly after as sales were not as expected. It continued the online retailer service but copied the Tesco store based model instead. Wal-Marts corporate stance is anti union, which is refelcted in the stance of Asda. In 2006 A planned five-day strike by Asda warehouse staff was been called off, unions have confirmed. The action had been due to begin on June 30 after thousands of workers voted for industrial action in a dispute over pay and bargaining rights. The decision followed prolonged negotiations between unions and the supermarket chain at the TUC. Asda was about to seek an injunction to block the action, claiming irregularities in the strike ballot. In 2006 Supermarket giant Asda said they were to offer staff up to two weeks unpaid leave to go on a German jolly during the 2006 World Cup tournament. Its 150,000 workers were to be able to take one or two weeks off in the month starting on 9 June. Requests dealt with on a first come, first served basis depending on staffing needs at individual outlets. The first Act of The ASDA Story was set in the old Queens Theatre, Castleford, West Yorkshire in the early 60s. Its roots can be traced to two branches in twenties. The Asquith family had a family business, a butchers shop in Knottingley, W. Yorkshire. The business was eventually expanded to seven butcher shops. The two sons of W.R. Asquith, Peter and Fred were actively involved in the family business and were later to become co founders of ASDA. At the same period, in the 20s, a group of West Riding dairy farmers joined forces, as Hindells Dairy Farmers Ltd. These included the Stockdale family (A. Stockdale), and a subsidiary company, Craven Dairies Ltd, was formed. Through a process of acquisition and diversification, a new public company was formed in 1949 Associated Dairies Farm Stores Ltd. with Arthur Stockdale as Managing Director. During the 50s and early 60s Associated Dairies expanded the number of pork butchery shops and also created the fascia Craven Dairies for its cake shops and cafà ©s. The son of Arthur Stockdale, Noel, met and struck up an immediate rapport with the Asquith brothers and so became the other co-founder of the future ASDA. ASDA was founded in 1965 by farmers from Yorkshire. The name is a contraction of Associated Dairies. For a short time in the 80s Asda Stores Ltd was a subsidiary of ASDA-MFI plc follwing a merger between the companies. Other companies in the group were Associated Dairies Ltd, the furnture retailer MFI and Allied Carpets. After the sale of MFI and Allied the company name changed to ASDA Group plc. The dairy division was sold to Northern Foods plc. The company went through a troubled period in the early 90s, but was revived under the leadership of Archie Norman, who became a shadow cabinet Conservative MP. He was chairman of the company in 96-99. ASDA, which then owned 229 stores, was purchased by Wal-Mart of the USA, on July 26, 1999. Following the takeover by Wal-Mart, several Asda-Wal Mart Supercentres have opened, creating some of the largest hypermarkets in the UK. The first of these stores opened at Patchway, near Bristol, in August 2000. At first, it was criticised for its scale and condemned as an eye sore, but the format has now become extremely popular. In November 2004 a refurbishment of the hypermarket was completed, addressing some of the complaints. In March 2006, ASDA launched a format called ASDA Essentials in a former Co-op store in Northampton. With a focus on own brand products on a much smaller floorplate than ASDAs mainstream stores, the Essentials will only stock branded products are perceived to be at the core of a familys weekly shop. This is seen as ASDAs response to the increasing strength of Tesco and Sainsbury in the convenience store sector. If the trial is a success, it will be rolled out nationally. ASDA is expanding its range of services to include Financial Services sold in store and online. Products currently sold are Child Trust Funds and Credit Cards, Car Insurance Home Insurance, Travel Insurance, Life Insurance, Mortgage Life Insurance, Over 50s Life Cover, Pet Insurance. http://www.asdafinance.com In 2006 Supermarket chain Asda took Brazilian beef off its shelves after claims it could have come from areas where foot-and-mouth disease is rife. In 2006 Supermarket group Asda started selling property through stores. Shoppers were to be able to browse properties for sale via an in store computer terminal. People choosing to sell their homes through Asda will pay lower than average estate agency fees and receive a free Home Information Pack (HIP). The system will be trialled in 10 Asda stores in the Sunderland area during the summer but is planned to be rolled out across the UK by the end of the year. Asda has sponsor techniques the name has been put on the WRU Asda Leagues: the lower leagues of the rugby system. Morrison Morrison is a mainly food and grocery the weekly shop. Uniquely source and process most of the fresh food that we sell though own manufacturing facilities, giving us close control over provenance and quality; and have more people preparing more food in store than any other retailer. Every week nine million customers pass through our doors and 124,000 colleagues across the business work hard each day to deliver great service to them. With competitive prices and hundreds of special offers, we are proud to save our customers money every day. As the Food Specialist for Everyone, they are different from their competitors. Their expertise helps them deliver fresher food, which is also great value. Being closer to source, they understand where food comes from; and they can talk with authority to their customers about the provenance and freshness of their food offer. It is one of the countrys largest supermarket chains, offering a range of goods including both branded and own label products aim is to provide all our customers with the very best value for money wherever they live and uniquely, we have always charged the same prices in every one of our large stores. They view resource efficiency as integral to sustainability and delivering better value to our customers. They approach to CSR recognises both responsibility and opportunity, enabling us to make a difference in ways that are good for the environment and good for business. They have made considerable progress in meeting our challenging targets. Carbon emissions have been reduced by 56% better than they planned; theres much less waste going to landfill and they have cut packaging. They are also running their own farm, which is being used as a base for research projects looking at the sustainability of food supplies and the efficiency of agriculture. They research will provide benefits to their business  and will also strengthen our relationships with the farming community. Morrisons Fresh Food Academy offers training and progression for all their staff, providing them with the opportunity to grow from shop floor to top floor and means they can deliver more knowledgeable service to their customers. CSR is embedded into their operations and plans. They do not claim to have all the answers but aim to do all they can to make a real difference by being both practical and persistent.   Many of the issues they address are wide ranging, complex and sometimes very challenging. Solutions may develop over the long term and they can sometimes prove elusive for a variety of reasons, including cost effectiveness, practical application, or they lack direct benefits. However, many projects and initiatives have come to fruition successfully to deliver tangible results that are  making a real difference. They offer a number of useful services for your convenience, so you can save time and money while visiting them.  To find out when your local store is open, visit our store finder, type in your postcode and youll find all the information you need. Fill up at your convenience Stop by their petrol station to fill up and enjoy many other services like gas, a car wash and snacks for the road. Facilities for shoppers with disabilities They offer lots of services to our shoppers with additional needs, including dedicated parking, wheelchairs, staff assistance, seating and induction loops.   Take a break at our cafà © If you fancy a relaxing bite to eat, their cafà © serves freshly prepared meals to your table, from all-day breakfasts to hot puddings with custard as well as freshly ground coffee. Your one-stop medicine counter Get free advice on medicines and healthcare from their pharmacists no appointment necessary and why not have your prescriptions dispensed while you shop. Print your memories in store They offer quality photo processing in store, including digital and 1-hour photo printing services. Latest price Change Currency LSE code 277.50 -4.20 GBX MRW Last closing price 277.50  (23  Jul  2010 4:30pm ) Current share price information Bid 277.50 Ask 277.80 Day high 286.00 Day low 277.00 Year high 305.00 Year low 257.60 Day open 280.20 Day volume 10,130,828 On 11th March 2010 the Board comprised a Chairman, four Executive Directors and  six Non-Executive Directors. With the retirement of the Chairman and the planned recruitment of an additional Non-Executive Director, at least half of the Board will ultimately comprise of independent Non-Executive Directors. The Board is responsible for setting and approving the strategy and key policies of the Group, and for monitoring the progress towards achieving these objectives. It monitors financial performance, critical operational issues and risks. The Board also approves all circulars, listing particulars, resolutions and correspondence to the shareholders including the Annual Report, Half yearly financial report and Interim management statements. The Formal Schedule of Matters Reserved for the Board can be found in the Corporate Governance Compliance Statement. Committees of the Main Board The principal committees of the Board are the Audit, Remuneration,  Nomination and Corporate Compliance and Responsibility (CCR) Committees.  Ã‚  Ã‚  The composition and terms of reference of each of these Committees are set out in the Corporate Governance Compliance Statement. Internal control The Board is responsible for setting a system of internal control for the Group and reviewing its effectiveness. The control system is intended to manage rather than eliminate the risk of not meeting the Groups strategic objectives. Any such system can only provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss. The Board is satisfied that a continual process for identifying, evaluating and managing significant risks has been in place for the financial year to 31 January 2010 and remains in place. Shareholder relations The CEO and the Group Finance Director meet regularly with analysts and institutional shareholders. The Investor Relations Director also maintains a programme of work that reports to the Board the requirements and information needs of institutional and major investors. This is part of the regular contact that the Group maintains with its institutional shareholders. All Directors, Executive and Non-Executive attend the AGM. The Chairs of the Audit, Nomination, Remuneration and CCR  Committees are available to answer any questions. Additionally, the Groups brokers sought independent feedback from investors following the Annual and Interim results in 2009. This feedback was reported to the Board. Liquidity Ratios (ASDA) : Ratio Name Answer Result Reason 2009 2008 Current Ratio 0.526 0.491 Favourable C. Assets increased more in proportion to C. liabilities Quick Ratio 0.282 0.252 Favourable More C. Assets in proportion to C. liabilities Absolute Quick Ratio 0.111 0.345 Unfavourable Stock and debtors increased, C. Assets decreased Working Capital ratio (958) (943 ) Unfavourable Lower proportion of Assets to Liabilities W.C. to C. Liabilities Ratio (0.473) ( 0.508 ) Favourable Assets increased Activity Ratios (ASDA): Ratio Name Answer Result Reason 2009 2008 Current Asset Turnover Ratio 13.628 14.251 Favourable Assets increased in 2009 Sales to Cash Ratio 44.428 67.900 Favourable Cash increased in 2009 Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio 2.029 1.928 Favourable The proportion of sales to fixed assets was a bit higher W. Capital Turnover Ratio (15.164) (13.752) Unfavourable Less working capital in 2009 Inventory Turnover Ratio 29.091 25.963 Favourable CGS increased in 2009 A. Receivable Turnover Ratio : 65.441 58.418 Favourable More sales in 2009 A. Payable Turnover Ratio 7.101 7.237 Unfavourable A. Payable increased in 2009 Average Collection Period Ratio 5.501 6.162 Favourable Higher A.Receivable turnover in 2009 Average Payment Period Ratio 50.704 49.792 Unfavourable A.Payable decreased in 2009 Solvency Ratios (ASDA): Ratio Name Answer Result Reason 2009 2008 Debt Ratio 0.450 0.426 Unfavourable Total Debt increased in 2009 Equity Ratio 0.306 0.573 Favourable T. Equity and T. Assets increased Debt to Equity Ratio 1.470 0.744 Unfavourable Total Equity decreased Debt Income Ratio 3.656 2.536 Unfavourable Long term debt increased, net income decreased Profitability Ratios (ASDA): Ratio Name Answer Result Reason 2009 2008 Gross Profit Ratio 6.284 6.307 Unfavourable Lower gross profit in proportion to sales in 2009 Net Profit Ratio 3.166 4.271 Unfavourable Lower net income in relation to sales in 2009 Return on Equity Ratio 18.253 12.654 Favourable Higher proportion of net profit to total equity Return of Total Assets Ratio 5.592 7.255 Unfavourable Lower net profit in proportion to total assets Return on Investment Ratio 7.416 9.579 Unfavourable Lower return on investment Morrison: Liquidity Ratio Ratio Name Year 2008 Year 2009 Result Reason Current Ratio Quick Ratio Absolute Quick Ratio Working Capital 0.48 0.22 0.32 947 0.52 0.30 0.42 958 Favourable Favourable Favourable Favourable Cash increased while liability decrease Cash increased while liability decrease Cash increased while liability decrease Cash increased while liability decrease Reason Liability increased while cash decrease Cash increased while liability decrease Cash increased while liability decrease Cash increased while liability decrease Reason Liability increased while cash decrease Liability increased while cash decrease Liability increased while cash decrease Activity Ratio Ratio Name Current Asset Turnover Ratio Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio Working Capital Ratio Inventory Turnover Ratio Solvency Ratio Ratio Name Debt Ratio Equity Ratio Debt to equity Ratio Year 14.31 1.92 13.6 27.4 Year 0.42 0.57 0.74 Year 13.62 2.0 15.1 28 Year 0.45 0.54 0.81 Result Unfavourable Favourable Favourable Favourable Result Unfavourable Unfavourable Unfavourable Profitability Ratio Ratio Name Gross Profit Ratio Operating Profit Ratio Net Profit Ratio Operating Ratio Year 6.30 % 4.7 % 4.2 % 95.7 % Year 6.28 % 4.6 % 3.1 % 95.6 % Result Unfavourable Unfavourable Unfavourable Favourable Reason Liability increased while cash decrease Liability increased while cash decrease Liability increased while cash decrease Cash increased while liability decrease Market Ratio Earning Per Share Dividend Pay out Ratio Cash flow Ratios Cash flow Operation to Net Income Cash flow from investing to Operation Financing Year 20.7 0.23 Year 1.04 0.25 Year 17.39 0.33 Year 1.71 0.75 Result Unfavourable Favourable Result Favourable Favourable Reason Liability increased while cash decrease Cash increased while liability decrease Reason Business has excess cash Business has excess cash Cash flow from Sales to Total Sales Cash flow to Long Term Debt Operations Cash flow to Current Liabilities Cash Dividend Coverage Ratio 0.044 0.90 0.31 120.6 0.053 0.86 0.38 136.2 Business has excess cash Business has Cash flow Problem Business has excess cash Business has excess cash Regression Line: Year (Sales) X (Asda) y (Morrison) xy (x)^2 (y)^2 Y2007 14856 12115 179980440 220700736 146773225 Y2008 12969 12462 161619678 168194961 155301444 Y2009 14528 12969 188413632 211062784 168194961 Y2010 15180 14528 220535040 230432400 211062784 = 57533 = 52074 = 750548790 = 830390881 = 681332414 B = 4 (750548790) (57533) (52074) 4 (830390881) (57533)^2 B = 3002195160 2995973442 3321563524 3310046089 B = 6221718 11517435 B = 0.54 A = Y 0.54X A = 18145.75 0.54 X A = 18145.75 (0.54) (57533) A = 18145.75 31067.82 A = 12922.1 Y = 12922.1 + 0.54 X Correlation Co-efficient of Correlation: R = 4(750548790 ) (57533) (52074) [4(830390881) (57533)^2 ] [ 4 (681332414) (52074)^2 R = 3002195160 2995973442 [ 3321563524 3310046089 ] [2725329656 2711701476 R = 3002195160 ( 11517435 ) (13628180) R = 3002195160 156961677318300 Time Series Analysis: ASDA : Year Sale 3 point total 3 point moving average Variation 2006 14756 2007 14856 42581 14193.67 662.33 2008 12969 42353 14117.67 -1148.67 2009 14528 42677 14225.67 302.33 2010 15180 Morrison Year Sale 3 point total 3 point moving average Variation 2006 12115 2007 12462 37546 12515.33 53.33 2008 12969 39959 13319.66 350.66 2009 14528 42907 14302.33 225.67 2010 15410 Task: 3 Table presents annual net income and net cash flow figures for three projects A, B C. Initial investment for all three projects is same  £98,500. Year Project A Project B Project C NI NCF NI NCF NI NCF 0 (98500) (98500) (98500) 1 7500 24750 16450 45000 24500 44300 2 95000 31000 17650 52000 30500 39200 3 14750 34000 17950 59250 19000 39000 4 21250 40250 2400 5000 13000 31250 5 24950 44500 5000 24200 (1) Calculate ARR (Accounting Rate of Return) by selecting the required rate of return. (a)Project A (b)Project B (c)Project C (2) Calculating payback periods for A, B C projects. Solution: (a) Project A Year Cash flow Net Cash flow 0 (98500) (98500) 1 24750 (73750) 2 31000 (42750) 3 34000 (8750) 4 40250 31500 5 44500 76000 Pay back Period project A = 3.22 year (b) Project B Year Cash flow Net Cash flow 0 (98500)

Savage Journey in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essays -- Heart Da

Heart of Darkness:   Savage Journey  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inherent inside every human soul is a savage evil side that remains repressed by society. Often this evil side breaks out during times of isolation from our culture, and whenever one culture confronts another. History is loaded with examples of atrocities that have occurred when one culture comes into contact with another. Whenever fundamentally different cultures meet, there is often a fear of contamination and loss of self that leads us to discover more about our true selves, often causing perceived madness by those who have yet to discover their own self.   Joseph Conrad’s book, The Heart of Darkness is a story about Man’s journey into his self, the discoveries to be made there and about Man confronting his fears of insanity, death, and cultural contamination.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During Marlow’s mission to find Kurtz, he is also trying to find himself. He, like Kurtz had good intentions upon entering the Congo. Conrad tries to show us that Marlow is what Kurtz had been, and Kurtz is what Marlow could become. Every human has a little of Marlow and Kurtz in them.   Marlow says about himself, "I was getting savage (Conrad)," meaning that he was becoming more like Kurtz. Along the trip into the wilderness, they discover their true selves through contact with â€Å"savage† natives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As Marlow ventures further up the Congo, he feels like he is traveling back through time. He sees the unsettled wilderness and can feel the darkness of its solitude. Marlow comes across simpler cannibalistic cultures along the banks. The deeper into the jungle he goes, the more regressive the inhabitants seem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kurtz had lived in the Congo, and was separated from his own culture for qu... ...ure, a self-discovery happens. Both cultures realize that deep down inside, all humans are essentially the same. We all posses a good and an evil side, and no culture no matter how "advanced," is exempt from that fact. This discovery often causes madness as this evil side is allowed out. Only those who have completed the "journey into self" can understand the actions of people such as Kurtz. They are alone in this world of horror. Works Cited Conrad, James. Heart of Darkness and Other Tales. New York, Paperbacks ltd.   1996. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Underline titles of novels. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When writing quotes, the last quotation mark should come immediately after the last word of the quote, not after the parentheses. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Great work on the works cited. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The introduction should be limited to one paragraph.   5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Overall, your paper is well-organized.

Flipkart Report

INTRODUCTION E-COMMERCE E-commerce is short for electronic commerce. It is the business over internet involving buying and selling of  products/services. E-commerce makes use of payment gateways for online transactions. It requires excellent supply chain management, online transaction processing, logistics strategies and control, inventory management systems and many other automated softwares and database collection systems. WEB-BASED E-COMMERCE ARCHITECTURE E-COMMERCE INFRASTRUCTURE * Information infrastructure * Internet, LAN, WAN, routers, etc. Telecom cable TV, wireless, etc. * Messaging and information distribution infrastructure. * HTML, XML, e-mail, HTTP, etc. * Common business infrastructure * Security, authentication, electronic payment, directories, catalogues, etc. * The Internet * System of interconnected networks that spans the globe * Routers, TCP/IP, firewalls, network infrastructure. network protocols * The world Wide web (www) * Part of the Internet and allows user s to share information with an easy-to-use interface * Web browsers, web servers, HTTP, HTML Web architecture * Client/server model * N-tier architecture; e. g. , web servers, application servers, database servers, scalability THE PROCESS OF E-COMMERCE * Attract customers * Advertising and marketing * Interact with customers * Catalogue, negotiation * Handle and manage orders * Order capture * Payment * Transaction * Fulfilment (physical good, service good, digital good) * React to Customer Enquiries * Customer service * Order tracking E-COMMERCE IN INDIAE-commerce in India is still nascent, but it is important for developing countries like India. The opportunities for E-commerce players are many due to rapid urbanisation and rising literacy rates and rapidly growing internet user population, advances in technology, growing adoption of computers, introduction of 3G and falling net access costs. The Internet and Mobile Association of India (IMAI) estimated that India's E-commerce mar ket is growing 70% every year and 500% since 2007. Transactions In $ MillionsSegment-wise share in e-commerce market 2012 ABOUT FLIPKART Flipkart is an India based e-commerce company which belongs to the e-tailing (electronic retailing) sector. It is head-quartered at Bangalore and it initiated its operations in 2007. Flipkart was launched by a couple of young, enthusiastic friends, Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal, who grew up together and studied at the prestigious IIT-Delhi, as an online retailing venture with the objective of making books accessible to individuals living in the all the parts of India.Sachin and Binny used to work for Amazon, which has a similar kind of business before quitting and opening up this new venture. Initially they used to sell just books on Flipkart and relied mainly on ‘word of mouth’ for promotions. But in 2010, they started selling CDs, DVDs, Mobile phones and accessories, cameras, computers and in 2011 stationery, home appliances, person al care items and health care products. It has now revenue of Rs. 500 crore within a span of just five years making t one of the largest e-commerce companies in India. The core value of Flipkart is strong focus on customer service. The major goal of the company is to provide its customers with an ultimate online shopping experience and for this they use many innovative policies like a 30-day replacement policy, EMI options, Cash on Delivery, free shipping, discounted rates, pre-paid online wallet and most important timely delivery  of all the products. This requires an extensive supply chain and logistics and distribution network.A network of over 500 distributors have been established by the company and it keeps only those items for which orders are placed frequently by the customers and the items that are rarely ordered are almost always sourced from the suppliers when such an order is received from the customers. The company owns four offices in each metro city with a combined strength of more than five hundred employees. Fifteen courier companies such as Blue Dart, DHL etc. have been engaged to deliver the products and also Indian Post where courier service is not available.Warehouses are there in seven cities including metros. One can track the order right from ordering an item to delivery. One can even pre-order an unreleased book from the website and that too on attractive prices and on top of that there is excellent customer service. Customer satisfaction, amazing customer experience and the discounted rates of items are the key factors that work in the favour of Flipkart. The company has a stock of nearly 12 million books making it the largest book retailer in India and it has eighty per cent share of the online book market in India.Access to internet, increasing number of iPads, smart phones, latest technology that gives 3D images of products, time constraint consumers and increasing real estate costs required for offline stores have lead to a shif t to e-commerce businesses especially to online retail stores. According to a survey done by Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India, the online retail market in India may grow from Rs 20 billion in 2011 to Rs 70 billion by 2015 as internet access improves. INNOVATIVE SERVICES LAUNCHED BY FLIPKART PREPAID WALLET FEATURE * As a general wallet that is used to store cash in it and allows a person to purchase and enjoy products or services equivalent to the cash amount in it, Flipkart has adopted a prepaid wallet service to its e-commerce website platform that provides customers with an opportunity to store and keep money on the website and consume it to purchase different products, without the need to take out their debit cards or credit cards or net-banking for each and every transaction.   The purpose of a prepaid Wallet is to make online transactions easier and more secure for the customers as they will be spared from the hassle of taking out their credit card or deb it card or net banking details each and every time they want to buy a product. Customers can fill their Online Wallets with up to Rs 10,000 by using any of the general payment methods like credit card, debit card and net-banking and then can consume it over multiple transactions. There is no expiry date for the wallet and the cash stored in it can always be refunded back to the source using which payment was made. Flipkart. com has included wallet service in its e-commerce structure keeping in mind the ease and convenience of their regular customers – those who make transactions multiple times during the month, and particularly when individual transactions are comprised of many small payments. Wallet allows the customers to make the payment just once and still involve in multiple transactions. This also makes sure that customers would not have to go through the bank payment verification processes each time they purchase something using the Flipkart. com.The wallet helps in cu tting down the issues with payment gateway too. * Also by including the innovative prepaid e-wallet, the aim of the Flipkart is to shorten the duration of the order processes that would certainly make the online shopping much simpler, faster and totally trouble free experience for their customers. * CASH ON DELIVERY * Flipkart launched the Cash on Delivery services for the customers who do not prefer to make an online payment. Using this payment mode, customers have to pay only when they receive the ordered item at their doorstep without any making any sort of advanced payment to Flipkart.Payment mode for this is strictly cash and the currency used can only be Indian Rupees. No discount coupons or e-vouchers can be availed while using this mode of payment. * India is a cash- driven economy with plastic cards penetration as low as 3% as of 2012. Also the existing payment gateways and infrastructure are not in such good condition and a noticeable amount of transactions fail. Also peop le in India still perceive high risks in using credit/debit cards online and thus in online transactions. All these reasons led to Flipkart adopting such a mode of payment.But the most important reason was because it was the demand of customers and since Flipkart has the maximum focus on customer satisfaction, they went ahead and adopted Cash-on-delivery mode of payment. * Important factors while adopting Cash-on-delivery model are that they have to deliver good products in good condition because if a product is not in good condition, customer cannot be expected to make the payment. They have to have their own collection and delivery network as they can’t rely on a third person to collect cash for expensive items and give it to them.They need to have strong and consistent operations and they need to make timely delivery because if they fail to do so, a customer is already lost for them for future. They also need to maintain customer relationships and respect customers so as t o maintain long-term profitability from the customers. * Cash-on-delivery model has increased the sales of the company by great margins and Cash-on-delivery has become the most used mode of payment. But there as many downsides of using this model. Rejection rate of the products delivered through this model is as high as almost thirty per cent.Though this is lower than other Cash-on-delivery players, still it is too much. Generally the company has to incur Rs. 35-70 for every transaction involving cash-on-delivery, but the cost could reach as high as Rs. 100 in case there is rejection or if multiple trips are needed to deliver the order. Whereas when the transaction is carried out using credit/debit cards or net-banking, only 1-2 per cent of the transaction total value is taken by the online payment partner as service fee. Therefore until and unless the transaction value is high enough, cash-on-delivery model cuts down the retailer’s margins by high values.Also cash-on-deliver y model tends to block the working capital that could have been better used for expansion and growth. * REPLACEMENT POLICY * Flipkart provides a thirty day replacement policy for every product purchased from its website. Defects in any product can be highlighted by customers at the time of delivery or within thirty days from the date of delivery. No cost is charged for replacing the defected product. * Main objective of this policy is related to the core value of the company – customer satisfaction.This policy makes customers feel much more secure about purchasing items online and helps build the company a strong trust with its customer base. PAYMENT GATEWAY OF FLIPKART Flipkart provides its customers with a hundred per cent safe transaction experience. Credit card payments are processed through the HDFC Bank payment gateway, as well as payment gateways (E Billing Systems/cc Avenue) that interface with various banks. The latest encryption technology is being used by HDFC bank to protect each customer’s credit card information.So as to hide the information while information travels over the internet, it encrypts one’s credit card number. HDFC also asks you to enter the three digit CVV (Credit Verification Value) number which follows credit card number and is given at the back of the card so as to make sure that the person carrying the transaction has the physical plastic card. Flipkart’s main focus is on customer satisfaction and in this case also Flipkart. com offers the security of highest standards so as to ensure that the shopping experience of each customer is private, safe and secure.Flipkart. com does not collect or store customer’s account information at all. Authorization of transaction takes place at multiple points, first by HDFC and subsequently by Visa/MasterCard/AMEX secure directly without any information passing through them. Payment Options * Flipkart accepts all MasterCard, Visa credit cards and AMEX. * Flipk art do not accept any international credit cards on Flipkart. com at this stage. * Apart from Credit and Debit Cards, payments are accepted by Flipkart by Internet Banking, Cash-on-Delivery and Equated Monthly Instalments (EMI).All Credit/Debit card details remain confidential and private. SSL encryption technology is used by Flipkart and their trusted payment gateways so as to protect the customer’s card information. SSL encryption technology Netscape developed a protocol Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) for moving the private documents over the Internet. A cryptographic system is being used by SSL that uses two keys to encrypt data ? a public key that is known to everyone and a private or secret key which is known only to the recipient of the message.Many Web sites use the SSL protocol to obtain and protect confidential user’s personal information, such as credit card number. URLs that use SSL connection have to start with https instead of http which is nothing but Secure HTTP. But both SSL and S-HTTP have different uses. Where a secure connection between a client and a server is created by SSL, over which unlimited amount of data can be sent securely, individual messages are transmitted securely using S-HTTP. SSL and S-HTTP are therefore complementary rather than competing technologies. DIFFERENT METHODS ADOPTED BY FLIPKART Auto redirection to banking site: Customers are automatically redirected to the page of respective banks where the information is required to be filled. Thus Flipkart never lands you on CC Avenue page unlike most other ecommerce sites. Hence Flipkart skips an unnecessary page by passing the needed parameters directly to CC Avenue. * Banks Status: Flipkart maintains its own real time status to check whether the net banking service of particular bank is working. So the customers come to know about a problem prior to entering that bank’s website.ONLINE PAYMENT PROCESSING SERVICES CC Avenue 1) Uses secure servers throughout an d adopt stringent security measures to ensure that sensitive information such as customers’ personal details is protected. 2) Customers enter all their personal information and Credit Card details on ICICI’s E-Payments (Payseal) and Citibank’s secure servers and the same is encrypted before it is transmitted over the Internet to the Acquiring Banks. 3) Additionally CC Avenue’s server is behind security firewalls to ensure maximum protection of your customer’s information. EBS (E-BILLING SOLUTIONS)For better encryption of data, it uses seven architecture model which helps in protecting the client information. High-tech Axis, HDFC and Citibank’s secure servers are used to authorize all credit card transactions and the same is encrypted before it is transmitted over the Internet to the Acquiring Banks. To ensure maximum protection of customer’s information, EBS servers are also behind the security firewalls. This guarantees that the buye r’s information is not available to any third party. EBS makes use of the best amongst the industry standards – the VeriSign technology, which ensures the complete security of the data.A/B FRAMEWORK – UNIQUE FRAMEWORK USED BY FLIPKART The framework has two components: Through the first one the performance of the website is measured using various metrics which are pre-defined. The second one uses an A/B framework that allows different versions of the website to be available simultaneously which is used to check the success of the advertising campaigns over the website. Thus the company conducts live and real experiments by diverting a small portion of the traffic and studying the results. Both components work together and simultaneously.The website’s performance on various parameters is measured by the metrics tool which is kind of a dashboard. For example, systems are immediately warned in case the transaction rate goes down below a certain limit. Flipkar t’s engineers can also rapidly implement and check their ideas using the A/B component. When someone proposes a new idea, a lot of precious time is spent debating what-if scenarios. Using this framework an idea can be implemented while mitigating  its risks. For example, the A/B framework redirects ten per cent of the Flipkart’s traffic to the new design/idea whenever an engineer changes the design of any page.Through this they can evaluate and analyze the effect of the changes using the metrics tool for collection. If it does not lead to any productive result, they can immediately change it back, and only less than ten per cent of traffic is impacted. The Benefits Since the tool has been introduced sometime around mid-2010, Flipkart now sells more than twenty types of products, taking the sales up to Rs 75 crore a month. In fact, during the last eight quarters, Flipkart has been able to double its revenue each quarter.

Georges Marvellous Medicine Essay Essay Example

Georges Marvellous Medicine Essay Essay Example Georges Marvellous Medicine Essay Essay Georges Marvellous Medicine Essay Essay Roald Dahl is an imaginative writer and does create vivid images in the readers mind. i do agree with this statement. Roald Dahl has used many narrative techniques such as imagery, vocabulary and humours illustrations. Georges Marvellous Medicine should be read by all students, because of all the techniques and key features used. Georges Marvellous Medicine is a story about a young boy who’s tempted to do â€Å"something† about his so called â€Å"grandmother†, and by something he means searching around the house collecting all kinds of horrible ingredients that will make grandma disappear, but instead, of disappearing she gets bigger !. The story affects on themes such as groth, family, good people, bad people, understanding people jealousy and greed. An important theme is good people because, being evil / bad, doesn’t pay out later, what goes around comes around an example would be grandma to George. Roald Dahl was the best storyteller in the 20thcentury. He used fantastic plots that matched by the extraordinary events in his life. He played with the vocabulary, and invented his own words. Roald Dahl stories have brought delight to millions of people. He was born in Llandaff, Wales on September 13th 1916. His parents were Norwegian and he was the only son of a second marriage. His father Harald and his elder sister Astri died when Roald was only three. He remembered his mother as â€Å"a rock, a real rock, always on your side whatever you’d done. Roald Dahl died on the 23rd of November 1990. An interesting narrative technique Roald Dahl used to make his stories entertaining and creative were his own words / vocabulary. An example of them would be: Squigglers, jacky jumpers, heigh – nonny- no and spissing. : These words present imagery which makes all Roald Dahl’s stories imaginative and entertaining. Italics is also another narrative technique style Roald Dahl used to emphasise a word. An example of an italic would be: No wonder, good. He slants these words, to make their voices have expression, for example, sarcasm. No wonder : Obviously he had left something out of the medicine. The illustrations by Quentin Blake are another narrative technique, used by Roald Dahl in his novel, Georges Marvellous Medicine. The illustrations help the reader to picture the key events and storyline. These illustrations are quick sketches, in black ink which support the fast rate in the storyline. An example would be, when Grandma hops out of her chair once George hands her the medicine. This book cover Georges Marvellous Medicine created and designed by Quentin Blake is effective as a visual text as it illustrates the key ideas in the novel. This book cover aims to target at children promoting a light and comical storyline and themes. For example, the childish font in the cream coloured box has forms of abstract and vector lines which would attract children’s attention. The large saucepan is a salience image because of the size of the pan. It makes you wonder the many ingredients put into it and the power of this potion. The ladle on which George is holding, guides the viewers eyes around the book cover. This is a form of vector lines. In conclusion, Roald Dahl is an imaginative writer and does create vivid images in the readers mind. Roald Dahl’s novel Georges Marvellous Medicine is an entertaining and imaginative novel with its made up vocabulary and humorous illustrations. Quentin Blake, the creative illustrator of this novel. is one of the finest illustrators in children’s literature. His illustrations are original and easy to follow. Once again, Georges Marvellous Medicine, by Roald Dahl is an entertaining novel and should be read by all students because of all the key features used. The moral / coda of the book Georges Marvellous Medicine, is that grandma had learnt her lesson for being so cruel and wicked to George, as they say, what goes around comes around.